- Visibility 270 Views
- Downloads 195 Downloads
- Permissions
- DOI 10.18231/j.ijmpo.2025.012
-
CrossMark
- Citation
Pituitary microadenoma with hyperprolactinemia in an adolescent female with type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea: A rare case report
- Author Details:
-
Hardik Shah *
-
Naiya Bhavsar
-
Rajeshri Mehta
-
Ashok Bhandari
-
Akshat Desai
Pituitary microadenomas are rare in adolescents and even more uncommon in those with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Hyperprolactinemia secondary to prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas) can disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to menstrual irregularities such as amenorrhea. The coexistence of T1DM and prolactinoma is exceptionally rare and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
We report the case of a 17-year-old female with a known history of T1DM who presentedwith secondary amenorrhea and intermittent episodes of hypoglycemia. Laboratory evaluation revealed severe hyperprolactinemia (serum prolactin: 945 ng/mL) with normal thyroid and gonadotropin levels. Brain MRI confirmed a pituitary microadenoma. The patient was initiated on cabergoline, resulting in clinical improvement. This case underscores the complex interplay between pituitary dysfunction and glycemic control in adolescents with T1DM.
In adolescent females with T1DM presenting with menstrual disturbances or unexplained glycemic fluctuations, pituitary pathology—particularly prolactinoma—should be considered. Early identification and targeted treatment can improve both endocrine and metabolic outcomes.
Keywords: Pituitary microadenoma, Hyperprolactinemia, Amenorrhea, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Adolescents.
References
- Singla M, Saini JK. Diabetes mellitus of Pituitary Origin: a case report. Eur Endocrinol. 2021;17(1):68.
- Dandona P, Dhindsa S, Chaudhuri A, Bhatia V, Topiwala S, Mohanty P. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Curr Mol Med. 2008;8(8):816–
- Dandona P, Dhindsa S, Chandel A, Chaudhuri A. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes. Postgrad Med. 2009;121(3):45–51.
- Cooper O, Geller JL, Melmed S. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome caused by an FSH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2008;4(4):234–8.
- Pal A, Leaver L, Wass J. Pituitary Adenomas. BMJ. 2019;365:l2091.
- Pala NA, Laway BA, Misgar RA, Dar RA. Metabolic abnormalities in patients with prolactinoma: response to treatment with cabergoline. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2015;7:99.
- Serri O, Beauregard H, Rasio E, Hardy J. Decreased sensitivity to insulin in women with microprolactinomas. Fertil Steril. 1986;45(4):572–4.
- Wang T, Lu J, Xu Y, Li M, Sun J, Zhang J, et al. Circulating prolactin associates with diabetes and impaired glucose regulation: a population-based study. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(7):1974–80.
- Ntali G, Wass JA. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Pituitary. 2018;21(2):111–8.
- Taylor HS, Pal L, Seli E. Speroff’s Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer;
- Klein DA, Paradise SL, Reeder RM. Amenorrhea: A systematic approach to diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100(1):39–48.
- Ssemmondo E, Abobaker A, Thow J. Co-existing prolactin- secreting macroadenoma, hypopituitarism, and type I diabetes mellitus in a young adult male patient. Cureus. 2021;13(12):e20531.
- Hugh S. Taylor, Lubna Pal, Emre Seli. Speroff’s Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2020
How to Cite This Article
Vancouver
Shah H, Bhavsar N, Mehta R, Bhandari A, Desai A. Pituitary microadenoma with hyperprolactinemia in an adolescent female with type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea: A rare case report [Internet]. IP Int J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2025 [cited 2025 Oct 17];11(2):52-54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2025.012
APA
Shah, H., Bhavsar, N., Mehta, R., Bhandari, A., Desai, A. (2025). Pituitary microadenoma with hyperprolactinemia in an adolescent female with type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea: A rare case report. IP Int J Med Paediatr Oncol, 11(2), 52-54. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2025.012
MLA
Shah, Hardik, Bhavsar, Naiya, Mehta, Rajeshri, Bhandari, Ashok, Desai, Akshat. "Pituitary microadenoma with hyperprolactinemia in an adolescent female with type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea: A rare case report." IP Int J Med Paediatr Oncol, vol. 11, no. 2, 2025, pp. 52-54. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2025.012
Chicago
Shah, H., Bhavsar, N., Mehta, R., Bhandari, A., Desai, A.. "Pituitary microadenoma with hyperprolactinemia in an adolescent female with type 1 diabetes mellitus and secondary amenorrhea: A rare case report." IP Int J Med Paediatr Oncol 11, no. 2 (2025): 52-54. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2025.012